malta salaries. In 2019, the average Maltese wages were around half the EU average . malta salaries

 
 In 2019, the average Maltese wages were around half the EU average malta salaries The estimated total pay for a Senior Officer at Alter Domus is $91,660 per year

GlobalFoundries Salaries trends. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Besides the salary, employees also tend to receive quarterly bonuses and ongoing salary adjustments for national changes in cost of living over time. The estimated total pay for a Accountant is €35,150 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €33,400 per year. Women receive a salary of €32,736 EUR. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th. The gross salary range for people working in Malta in Marketing, Advertising, PR is typically from 1,151 EUR (minimum salary) to 2,846 EUR (highest average, actual maximum salary is higher). Most Likely Range. The estimated total pay for a AML Analyst is €32,400 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €30,000 per year. . 0$ (784. 6$ (2,848. The estimated additional pay is €600. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a IT Manager is €40,500 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €39,000 per year. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €900 per month. Find Salaries by Job Title at MeDirect Bank (Malta) 22 Salaries (for 18 job titles) • Updated Nov 11, 2023. Malta - Get a free salary comparison based on job title, skills, experience and education. The estimated total pay for a Business Analyst is $82,727 per year in the Malta, MT area, with an average salary of $77,577 per year. I work for a company in Calgary, Canada, with an annual salary of 76,000 CAD. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist. The estimated additional pay is $4,696 per. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The calculator is designed to be used online with. Number of employees at Malta in year 2022 was 57. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. Salaries posted anonymously by KPMG employees in Malta. The estimated additional pay is €2,400. Accounting & Finance. Malta's median salary is $149,250 for a Mechanical Engineer. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. This is the total monthly salary including bonuses. The estimated salary for a Network Engineer is €38,750 per year in the Malta area. The estimated total pay for a Senior Manager is €64,000 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €57,500 per year. Most Likely Range. The estimated total pay for a Nurse is €1,900 per month in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €1,000 per month. 2€) without rent. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a Data Engineer is €46,875 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €41,000 per year. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Malta - Labour costs: Wages and salaries (total) - last updated from the EUROSTAT. The average hr specialist gross salary in Malta is €25,860 or an equivalent hourly rate of €12. 00 EUR. Thus, the median figures provided further below might be more representative than averages. Payments are made at the end of June and December and will be included in your payslips. The estimated additional pay is €2,500. The gross salary range for people working in Malta in Law & Legislation is typically from 1,173 EUR (minimum salary) to 3,210 EUR (highest average, actual maximum salary is higher). The estimated salary for a Junior Data Analyst is €7 per hour in the Valletta, Malta area. The estimated total pay for a Audit Senior Associate at PwC is $110,887 per year. Salaries can vary drastically among different job positions. The estimated additional pay is €. Rent in Malta is, on average, 45. iGaming salaries for iGaming professionals in Malta showed an 11% year-on-year rise in 2019, with the average entry-level salary starting at a generous €35,000. The estimated total pay for a Web Designer is €40,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €35,000 per year. An entry level caregiver (1-3 years of experience) earns an average salary of. The estimated additional pay is €1,500 per. Most Likely Range. As a job seeker you. If you’re looking at a two-bedroom, two-bathroom penthouse with sea views in a popular place like Sliema, your rent will more likely be in the $2000+ range. The estimated additional pay is €900 per month. 6$ (2,848. The estimated total pay for a Administrative Assistant is €18,800 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €18,000 per year. Forging an iGaming career in Malta. Our model gets. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Social Security up to annual salaries of 26,831. The estimated total pay for a Payment Analyst is €29,850 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €27,400 per year. The estimated additional pay is $1,925 per year. The estimated total pay for a Senior Product Owner is €65,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €60,000 per year. High $145,985. The estimated total pay for a Personal Assistant is €29,501 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €28,500 per year. 3$<6&$/(6 ¼ [ ¼ ¼ Title: 2022 Payscales Sc1-20. With over 9448 data points it is the only authoritative source for informed decision making. An entry level director (1-3 years of experience) earns an average salary of €25,593. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is $3,808. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is $2,108 per year. 18,423 Reviews. The estimated additional pay is €2,450. The estimated additional pay is €2,500 per. The estimated salary for a Marketing is €37,000 per year in the Malta area. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Compare. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €675. The estimated additional pay is €2,000 per year. Salaries posted anonymously by Bet365 employees in Malta. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 4. The estimated additional pay is €12,500 per year. if the tax to be deducted exceeds 50% of the salary payable in cash), to withhold such tax payable. However, most rental apartments will fall into the $1000 to. The estimated total pay for a AML Manager is €2,900 per month in the Malta area, with an average salary of €1,400 per month. 4. The estimated additional pay is $5,057 per. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €1,750 per. Julian's is NaN percent lower. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €3,550 per year. There is a single pay scale for AD and AST positions with 16 grades (each with 5 seniority steps). Malta - Labour costs: Wages and salaries (total) was EUR13. The estimated additional pay is. The estimated additional pay is €5,000 per. Most Likely Range. Actively Hiring. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a Nurse is €1,900 per month in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €1,000 per month. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. For years, Malta had a reputation for being a relatively cheap place. The estimated additional pay is €2,000. The estimated additional pay is €1,750 per. 1. €25,000 / yr. Compare. The estimated total pay for a Account Manager is €26,500 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €24,000 per year. Compare. An entry level registered nurse (1-3 years of experience) earns an. In 2023, the national minimum wage in Malta remained fixed at €835. The estimated total pay for a Developer Senior is $147,431 per year in the Malta, MT area, with an average salary of $115,734 per year. The estimated total pay for a Director is €62,500 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €50,000 per year. See what employees say it's like to work at. The average monthly basic salary of employees for the first quarter of 2023 was estimated at €1,848. The estimated additional pay is €800 per. The estimated total pay for a UX Designer is €50,000 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €45,000 per year. 9 Euros per month from the previous year, 5. The estimated total pay for a HR Assistant is $55,008 per year in the Malta, NY area, with an average salary of $51,694 per year. All content is posted anonymously by employees working at Malta Information Technology. This is the total monthly salary including bonuses. 09 per hour in Malta, MT. If your diet is pretty close to the Maltese standard, you might spend €200 a month. An entry level computer software engineer (1-3 years of experience. The estimated total pay for a Content Writer is €28,650 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €28,000 per year. The average teacher gross salary in Malta is €31,819 or an equivalent hourly rate of €15. Typically bonuses will be taxed as salary is. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €2,000 per year. This is the total monthly salary including bonuses. Learn about salaries, benefits, salary satisfaction and where you could earn the most. The estimated salary for a Audit Associate is €18,875 per year in the Valletta, Malta area. The estimated total pay for a Company Secretary is €4,900 per month in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €2,500 per month. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. An entry level teacher (1-3 years of experience) earns an average salary of €23,104. Malta. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €12,500 per year. The estimated total pay for a Web Designer is €40,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €35,000 per year. What is the highest salary for a Manager in Malta?The estimated total pay for a HR Manager is €49,000 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €44,500 per year. The estimated total pay for a UX Designer is €50,000 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €45,000 per year. Reply. Junior unqualified was 18-22k and junior qualified was 20-24k depending on experience. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th percentile of all pay. Calculate the salary paid to candidates, which can help you plan ahead how much salary you can offer to candidates applying to your open position. The estimated total pay for a Operations Manager is €49,000 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €46,000 per year. fyi collects anonymous and verified salaries from current and former employees of Malta. The pay slip didn't clearly explain the details, so I'm seeking insights into why this might be. The estimated total pay for a Auditor is €35,500 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €32,500 per year. 4. The estimated total pay for a Senior Software Engineer is €52,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €50,000 per year. The estimated total pay for a Manager is $71,328 per year in the Malta, MT area, with an average salary of $64,419 per year. The estimated total pay for a Content Writer is €28,650 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €28,000 per year. G4S Salaries trends. The estimated total pay for a Security Guard is $43,024 per year in the Malta, NY area, with an average salary of $40,113 per year. EY. Click here to see the total pay, recent salaries shared and more!The average nurse gross salary in Malta is €43,317 or an equivalent hourly rate of €21. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €4,500. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Salaries posted anonymously by Bureau Veritas employees in Malta. The guide uses data from jobs posted in Malta to highlight key trends and insights, enabling you to benchmark the average salaries for your workforce across Malta, or find out what you could be earning. Compare salaries city by city with our free salary wizard and convert your own salary to a local salary in Valletta. €23,500 / yr. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €710. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th percentile of all. Average salary in Malta is €37,352 EUR per year. The estimated additional pay is $6,909 per year. The estimated total pay for a Project Manager is €51,150 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €47,000 per year. The estimated total pay for a Audit Senior Associate is €29,200 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €29,000 per year. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €4,725. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. Estimated 5% increase in salaries from 2019. Compare. com offers you a reliable tool to benchmark remuneration packages within the Maltese islands. Ciantar and Farrugia are far from the only ones getting paid salaries for chief executive roles that. That's it! The tax calculator will automatically calculate the salary and payroll costs and provide an overivew of the calculations including the cost of the employee in Malta in 2023. The estimated total pay for a System Engineer is €34,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €30,000 per year. The following chart shows average annual salaries for certain positions in Malta. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €644. Art & Design. Salaries posted anonymously by Evolution employees in Malta. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. However, remember that the cost of living in Malta is significantly lower than on the mainland, and average salaries are just €18,660. The estimated additional pay is $5,187. The average professor assistant gross salary in Malta is €37,190 or an equivalent hourly rate of €18. They move up one step every two years until they reach the last step in the grade. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. For the avoidance of doubt, our figures are not necessarily statistically representative of all. The estimated total pay for a SPORTS TRADER is €36,500 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €34,000 per year. 51. Compare. The law stipulates that, each month, the employer is obliged to deduct the amount of tax payable on a salary, at source. The most frequent GROSS salary is EUR 50,000. 58K Salaries (for 4K job titles) • Updated Nov 17, 2023. Browse Jobs by Industry in Malta. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €428. 37K Salaries (for 3K job titles) • Updated 21 Nov 2023. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th percentile of all pay data. The estimated total pay for a Engineer is €28,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €27,000 per year. A person working in Malta typically earns around 4,640 EUR. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 4. Salary range: €25k - €50k. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €783. Food. 60 EUR (flat rate per week). Malta average salary is 10 percent lower than USA average and median salary is 5 percent higher than USA median. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 2. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 3. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a HR-Executive is €34,000 per year in the Valletta, Malta area, with an average salary of €30,000 per year. The estimated total pay for a Senior Officer at Alter Domus is $91,660 per year. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Most Likely Range. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. Tax is generally automatically deducted by your employer based on your income. The estimated total pay for a Security Guard at G4S is €1,000 per month. Hanover, MD 21076. The estimated salary for a ACCA Student is €1,000 per month in the Valletta, Malta area. Salary data is run through an internal verification process whereby it is cross-checked against FS3 forms or payslips. Archi+ (Malta) Design Architect salaries - 1 salaries reported: €1,225/mo: 1; Viewing 1 - 20 of 20. The estimated total pay for a Devops Engineer is $105,270 per year in the Malta, MT area, with an average salary of $99,372 per year. Leverage your professional network, and get hired. 00. 00 EUR. The estimated additional pay is $3,314 per. The average additional cash compensation for a Software Developer in the Malta is €1,750, with a range from €500 - €4,000. The Annual Salary Calculator is updated with the latest income tax rates in Malta for 2023 and is a great calculator for working out your income tax and salary after tax based on a Annual income. The gross salary range for people working in Malta in General labour is typically from 717 EUR (minimum salary) to 1,483 EUR (highest average, actual maximum salary is. Salaries posted anonymously by G4S employees in Valletta. The estimated salary for a Junior Data Analyst is €7 per hour in the Valletta, Malta area. 3,075 Reviews. In the field Number of Payroll Payments Per Year, enter 1. More than 50 Boeing 737-800 aircraft will be added to the register over the next. The estimated additional pay is €2,000 per. The gross salary range for people working in Malta is typically from 969 EUR (minimum salary) to 3,300 EUR (highest average, actual maximum salary is higher). The Konnekt salary and tax calculator is a new simple. So, you can move into gaming but I believe it’s better to stay in the health care sector. 6. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th percentile. The Budget caters for a number of initiatives aimed at improving the overall well being and standard of living of people with different social needs. That does seem to be changing, as rents rise faster than wages. BAverage GROSS salary for Doctor in Malta is EUR 35,750. The estimated additional pay is €1,500 per. The estimated salary for a Audit Associate is €18,875 per year in the Malta area. The average dentist gross salary in Malta is €90,393 or an equivalent hourly rate of €43. An entry level hr specialist (1-3 years of experience) earns an average salary of. 2 per month, that is 10,022 euros per year, taking into account 12 payments per year. The estimated additional pay is $4,790 per year. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Malta. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €2,982. 60 EUR (flat rate per week) Social Security for annual salaries exceeding 26,831. Salaries in Malta. The average clinical psychologist gross salary in Malta is €42,297 or an equivalent hourly rate of €20. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a Graphic Designer is $50,152 per year in the Malta, MT area, with an average salary of $48,044 per year. The estimated total pay for a Office Administrator is €23,400 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €23,000 per year. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a Customer Service is €26,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €24,000 per year. The estimated total pay for a Project Manager is $82,106 per year in the Malta, MT area, with an average salary of $76,367 per year. Ascent Senior Software Engineer salaries - 4 salaries reported. The estimated salary for a Fraud Manager is €40,000 per year in the Malta area. 10. An entry level full stack developer (1-3 years of experience) earns. Based on 1729 salaries posted anonymously by Bet365 Trading Assistant employees in Malta. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. VistaJet Salaries trends. The estimated total pay for a Mechanical Engineer is €26,252 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €25,052 per year. The estimated total pay for a Sales Associate is €19,600 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €19,000 per year. In 2019, the average Maltese wages were around half the EU average . The estimated total pay for a Fraud and Risk Analyst is €29,100 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €26,100 per year. Malta Air has its headquarters in Malta and operations in Malta, Italy, Germany and France, serving destinations throughout Europe. 43. Compare. Job Title. The estimated salary for a Scrum Master is €39,500 per year in the Valletta, Malta area. Salary. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated total pay for a Junior Software Developer is €26,750 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €25,000 per year. 66 per working week or a proportion thereof. Most Likely Range. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The estimated additional pay is €. The individual entry is added to other existing entries for the same job position. 00 EUR (providing the employee was born on or after 1. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. Education. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th. The most typical earning is €24,018 EUR. Art director: €45k+. The average salary for a Manager is €43,500 per year in Malta. The "Most Likely Range" represents values that exist within the 25th and 75th. 51. Betsson Group Salaries trends. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. This is the total monthly salary including bonuses. That's it! Just two simple steps to calculate your salary after tax in Malta with. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. An entry level driver (1-3 years of experience) earns an average salary of €10,399. The highest basic salary was recorded in the Financial and insurance activities sector (Table 10). These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. If you are interested in the salary of a particular job. Non residents (i. Salaries posted anonymously by Deloitte employees in Valletta. The average hotel worker gross salary in Malta is €22,722 or an equivalent hourly rate of €11. KPMG. The estimated total pay for a Product Designer is €42,000 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €40,000 per year. The latest Labour Force Survey for Quarter 4 of 2021 shows the average monthly basic salary at €1,613. The gross salary range for people working in Malta in Construction & Real Estate is typically from 940 EUR (minimum salary) to 2,615 EUR (highest average, actual maximum salary is higher). Most Likely Range. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 4. This can run to €275 – €1200 per person depending on your needs. The estimated salary for a CAMO Engineer is €50,000 per year in the Malta area. 7 salaries reported, updated. 0. The Malta Salary & Tax Calculator Broadwing Employment Agency is offering a free tool to calculate your weekly, monthly, or yearly net salary based on the tax rates in Malta. 49 Reviews. In addition, they earn an average bonus of €1,294. The estimated salary for a Head Chef is €2,500 per month in the Malta area. TalentBet: iGaming & Fintech Recruitment Experts! Sliema, Malta. KPMG Salaries trends. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. The average salary for a Administrative Assistant is $16. If we look at the ranking of the national minimum wage that we publish,. The estimated total pay for a Assistant Manager is €31,250 per year in the Malta area, with an average salary of €30,000 per year. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users.